Double-Cushioned Dental Implant

ABSTRACT

An dental implant has a substantially cylindrical solid base member; an abutment; an implant-abutment junction (IAJ) portion at one end of the base member to retain the abutment to the base member, so that the abutment is able to move within a predetermined distance alone an axial direction of the base member, a first cushion adapted to be mounted between the abutment and the base member, and a second cushion, preferably an elastomer, which is sandwiched between the IAJ portion and the abutment, wherein the first and second cushion are able to provide a resistance force when the abutment is pressed to move relatively toward the base member and providing a bouncing back force when the abutment is released from the pressing.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is related to a dental implant, and in particularrelated to a dental implant with double cushions for absorbing impactforce generated during chewing or biting.

BACKGROUND

In natural teeth the periodontal ligament functions as a cushion betweentooth and jawbone, absorbing impact force and uniformly transferringocclusal forces to surrounding bone. The distribution of the forcedepends on micro movement induced by the periodontal ligament. Due tolack of periodontal ligament, dental implant has to directly bond tobone, causing non-uniform stress distribution in bone which might leadto implant failure (Quirynen 1992). Because of the lack of micromovement of implants, most of the force distribution is concentrated atthe crest of the ridge. Vertical forces at the bone interface areconcentrated at the crestal regions, and lateral forces increase themagnitude of the crestal force distribution.

US 2010/0304334 A1 discloses a dental implant system comprising animplant having a well and an abutment having a post shaped to bereceived in the tapered well, and in one embodiment shown thereof theimplant and the abutment are jointed one to the other with a retentiveelastomeric product, enabling an artificial tooth supported by theabutment to move in a fashion similar to that of a natural tooth.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The inventors of the present application in their previous work(PCT/US2013/039366, filed 3 May 2013) disclose dental implantcomprising: a substantially cylindrical hollow base member comprising awall defining a space in said substantially cylindrical hollow basemember, and a plurality of through-thickness holes communicating saidspace with an outer surface of said wall; an abutment; animplant-abutment junction (IAJ) portion at one end of said base memberto retain said abutment to said base member, so that said abutment isable to move within a predetermined distance alone an axial direction ofsaid base member; and a first cushion adapted to be mounted between saidabutment and said base member for providing a resistance force when saidabutment is pressed to move relatively toward said base member andproviding a bouncing back force when said abutment is released from saidpressing. In one embodiment of the cushioned dental implant, the dentalimplant further comprises a second cushion which is an elastomer and issandwiched between said IAJ portion and said abutment. The disclosure ofPCT/US2013/039366 is incorporated herein by reference.

When a relatively small/thin dental implant is desired, the previoushollow implant body design may not withstand a large stress/loading. Inaddition, it will be more difficult to fabricate. Therefore there is aneed to design a dental implant comprising a solid implant body withdouble cushions.

The present invention provides an improved dental implant comprising:

-   -   a solid base member;    -   an abutment;    -   an implant-abutment junction (IAJ) portion at one end of said        base member to retain said abutment to said base member, so that        said abutment is able to move within a predetermined distance        alone an axial direction of said base member;    -   a first cushion adapted to be mounted between said abutment and        said base member; and    -   a second cushion adapted to be sandwiched between said IAJ        portion and said abutment,    -   wherein the first cushion and the second cushion are two        separate members.

Preferably, the first cushion and the second cushion are an elastomer.

Preferably, said abutment comprises a receiving part for receiving adental prosthesis and a connecting part, wherein said IAJ portion has anaxial hole and said connecting part of said abutment has a cylindricalrod portion having a diameter corresponding to said axial hole and anenlarged end extending from said cylindrical rod portion, wherein saidcylindrical rod portion is slidably received in said axial hole of saidIAJ portion with said enlarged end protruding from one end of said axialhole and another end of said cylindrical rod portion protruding from theother end of said axial hole, wherein said IAJ portion is a separatepart and threadedly connected to said one end of said base member, sothat the enlarged end of the connecting part of the abutment isprevented from escaping from the axial hole of said IAJ portion, whereinsaid first cushion is an plane elastomer and is sandwiched between saidenlarged end of said connecting part of said abutment and said one endof said base member, and wherein said second cushion is a ring and ismounted on the cylindrical rod portion of said connecting part andsandwiched between said IAJ portion and said receiving part of saidabutment.

Preferably, said abutment comprises a receiving part for receiving adental prosthesis and a connecting part, wherein said IAJ portion has anaxial hole and said connecting part of said abutment has a cylindricalrod portion having a diameter corresponding to said axial hole and anenlarged end extending from said cylindrical rod portion, wherein saidcylindrical rod portion is slidably received in said axial hole of saidIAJ portion with said enlarged end protruding from one end of said axialhole and another end of said cylindrical rod portion protruding from theother end of said axial hole, wherein said IAJ portion is a separatepart and connected to said one end of said base member via interferencefit connection, so that the enlarged end of the connecting part of theabutment is prevented from escaping from the axial hole of said IAJportion, wherein said first cushion is an plane elastomer and issandwiched between said enlarged end of said connecting part of saidabutment and said one end of said base member, and wherein said secondcushion is a ring and is mounted on the cylindrical rod portion of saidconnecting part and sandwiched between said IAJ portion and saidreceiving part of said abutment.

Preferably, said abutment comprises a receiving part for receiving adental prosthesis and a connecting part having a cylindrical rod portionand an enlarged threaded end extending from said cylindrical rodportion, wherein said IAJ portion has an axial hole having a threadedinner wall portion corresponding to said an enlarged threaded end nearan entrance of said axial hole and a smooth inner wall portion followingthe threaded inner wall portion having a diameter corresponding to thatof said enlarged threaded end, wherein said enlarged threaded end isthreaded through the threaded inner wall portion and into the smoothinner wall portion of said axial hole, wherein said first cushion is anplane elastomer and is sandwiched between said enlarged end of saidconnecting part of said abutment and said one end of said base member,and wherein said second cushion is a ring and is mounted on thecylindrical rod portion of said connecting part and sandwiched betweensaid IAJ portion and said receiving part of said abutment.

Preferably, the dental implant of the present invention furthercomprises a C-shaped or O-shaped buckle, wherein said abutment comprisesa receiving part for receiving a dental prosthesis and a connecting parthaving a cylindrical rod portion and an enlarged end extending from saidcylindrical rod portion, wherein said C-shaped or O-shaped buckle ismounted on the cylindrical rod portion and between the enlarged end andthe receiving part of said abutment, wherein said IAJ portion has anaxial hole having an inner wall portion corresponding to said C-shapedor O-shaped buckle, wherein said C-shaped or O-shaped buckle iselastically detained by the inner wall portion of said axial hole ofsaid IAJ portion, wherein said first cushion is an plane elastomer andis sandwiched between said enlarged end of said connecting part of saidabutment and said one end of said base member, and wherein said secondcushion is a ring and is mounted on the cylindrical rod portion of saidconnecting part and sandwiched between said IAJ portion and saidreceiving part of said abutment.

Preferably, said solid base member comprises a cylindrical body having asharpened end opposite to said IAJ portion, and said outer surface ofsaid cylindrical body is provided with threads or is smooth.

The first cushion and/or the second cushion are able to provide aresistance force when said abutment is pressed to move relatively towardsaid base member and providing a bouncing back force when said abutmentis released from said pressing. Further, the double-cushioned dentalimplant in comparison with the single-cushioned dental implant shows afar superiority in a fatigue resistance test.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1a shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a dentalimplant constructed according to a first preferred embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 1b shows a perspective view of elements/parts for assembling thedental implant shown in FIG. 1 a.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of two parts adapted to be threadablyconnected to each other for forming an abutment of the dental implantshown in FIG. 1 a.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a dental implant constructedaccording to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 4 to 9 show cross-sectional views of dental implants constructedaccording to other preferred embodiments of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Typically a dental implant consists of three major components: fixture,abutment and prosthetic teeth, wherein the fixture is designed to beimplanted into jawbone. Abutment serves to support the prosthetic teeth.The prosthetic teeth function as the crown of natural teeth forcutting/grinding foods and transfer bite forces to abutment and fixture.

Features and Advantages of the Present Inventive Dental Implant Design

The present inventive dental implant is designed for bothone-step/immediate loading and traditional two-step implantationprocedures. The primary features and their respective advantages of thepresent inventive dental implant design are briefly described in thefollowing:

-   -   (1) A dental implant comprising a solid implant body, an        abutment, an IAJ, and at least two separate cushions located as        indicated in the attached figures.    -   (2) The abutment comprising a receiving part and a connecting        part.    -   (3) The IAJ is a separate component connecting (by interference        fit connection or thread/screw connections) other components and        may be dissembled (maintainable) when any component other than        the implant body needs to be maintained or replaced.    -   (4) The IAJ may also comprises a C-shaped buckle (FIG. 7) or        O-shaped buckle

(FIG. 8), and an axial hole having a diameter so that the C-shapedbuckle or the O-shaped buckle is elastically detained in the axial hole.

-   -   (5) The implant body surface may be flat or threaded.    -   (6) The far end of the implant body may be flat or pointed

One critical factor leading to dental implant loosening is thenon-uniform occlusive force on the root. As mentioned earlier, innatural teeth the periodontal ligament functions as a cushion/bufferbetween tooth and jawbone, absorbing impact force and uniformlytransferring occlusal forces to surrounding bone. Due to lack ofperiodontal ligament, dental implant has to directly bond to bone,causing non-uniform stress distribution in bone which might lead toimplant failure.

Designs incorporating mechanisms able to reduce the negative effects ofthe non-uniform stress distribution in the alveolar bone include thatdistributes stresses more uniformly (avoiding stress-concentrated spots)and that absorbing stresses more effectively (simulating the cushionfunction of periodontal ligament.)

The cushion design of this invention comprises a shock-absorbingelastomer cushion between said IAJ and abutment and as well as betweensaid abutment and said base member. The cushion design simulates thefunction of periodontal ligament, which reduces the impact effect on thesurrounding alveolar bone. The applied occlusion force on abutment canbe at least partially transmitted to the cushion.

This shock-absorbing elastomer is preferably made from a polymer-basedmaterial, more preferably from a rubber-based material, such as PTFE,PU, PP, etc. This elastomer can effectively absorb the impact (biting)force, thus reducing the negative effect of occlusive force onbone/teeth.

The elastomer cushion may be a single layer, substantially flat, solid,hollow or porous plate, preferably in round shape. The elastomer cushionmay also be a multilayer design. The elastomer cushion may also be aone-piece U-shaped (or bowl-shaped three-dimensionally) design.

One primary advantage of these cushion designs is that all the cushionsare easily removable, maintainable, and replaceable without damaging ordisrupting the implant root or surrounding bone. This replaceablefeature is crucial, since the cushion—no matter being made from polymeror metal—is subject to mechanical and/or thermal fatigue, plasticdeformation when it is used for an extended period of time.

When a curable or hardenable cushion (for example, a polymer or rubbertype cushion prepared from mixing and curing a matrix agent and ahardening agent) is used, the cushion material may be cured (pre-formed)and shaped before being inserted between the IAJ and the abutment(pre-formed). The cushion material may also be cured after beinginserted between the IAJ and the abutment, i.e., putting the cushionmaterial in place—between IAJ and abutment—while the cushion material isnot fully cured and is still flowable and moldable. One advantage ofthis in-situ curing method is that the fitness of the cushion betweenIAJ and abutment is improved and the stress distribution is moreeffective and uniform.

Examples

A dental implant constructed according to a first preferred embodimentof the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1a and 1 b, which has asubstantially cylindrical solid base member 10; an abutment 20; animplant-abutment junction (IAJ) portion 30 at a top end of said basemember 10 to retain said abutment 20 to said base member 10, so thatsaid abutment 20 is able to move within a predetermined distance alonean axial direction of said base member 10.

Said abutment 20 has a receiving part 21 for receiving a dentalprosthesis and a connecting part 22, wherein said IAJ portion 30 has anaxial hole 31 and said connecting part 22 of said abutment has acylindrical rod portion 221 having a diameter corresponding said axialhole 31 and an enlarged end 222 extending from said cylindrical rodportion, wherein said cylindrical rod portion 221 is slidably receivedin said axial hole 31 of said IAJ portion 30 with said enlarged end 222protruding from the bottom end of said axial hole 31 and the top end ofsaid cylindrical rod portion protruding from the top end of said axialhole 31. Said IAJ portion 30 is a separate part and threadedly connectedto said top end of said base member 10, preventing said abutment 20 fromescaping said IAJ portion 30. A first cushion 40 which is a round platemade of elastomer and is put on the top end of the base member 10 beforesaid IAJ portion 30 is threadedly connected to said top end of said basemember 10. The first cushion 40 is sandwiched between said enlarged end222 of said connecting part 22 of said abutment 20 and the top end ofsaid base member 10 for providing a resistance force when said abutment20 is pressed to move relatively toward said base member 10 andproviding a bouncing back force when said abutment 20 is released fromsaid pressing

Said substantially cylindrical solid base member 10 is provided with asharpened end 12 opposite to said IAJ portion 30, and provided withthreads 13 on an outer surface thereof.

The dental implant further comprises a second cushion 50 which is a ringmade of an elastomer, and is mounted on the cylindrical rod portion 221of said connecting part 22 and is sandwiched between said IAJ portion 30and said receiving part 21 of said abutment 20. The cylindrical rodportion 221 of said connecting part 22 is plugged into a correspondingrecess at a bottom of said receiving part 21 of said abutment 20.Alternatively, said connecting part 22 of said abutment 20 is threadedlyconnected to said receiving part 21 of said abutment 20 as shown in FIG.2.

A dental implant constructed according to another preferred embodimentof the present invention is shown in FIG. 3, which is similar to thefirst preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b except that theabutment 20 and the IAJ portion 30. As shown in FIG. 3, said abutment 20has a receiving part 21 and a connecting part 22 integrally extendingfrom a bottom of said receiving part 21. The connecting part 22 has acylindrical rod portion 221 and an enlarged threaded end 222 extendingfrom said cylindrical rod portion 221. The first cushion 40 is mountedsimilarly to that shown in FIGS. 1a and 1 b. The second cushion 50 whichis a ring made of an elastomer is mounted on the cylindrical rod portion221 from the enlarged threaded end 222 of the connecting part 22. TheIAJ portion 30 has an axial hole 31 having a threaded inner wall portion311 corresponding to said an enlarged threaded end 222 and a smoothinner wall portion 312 following the threaded inner wall portion 311having a diameter slightly larger than that of said enlarged threadedend 222, wherein said enlarged threaded end 222 is threaded through thethreaded inner wall portion 311 and into the smooth inner wall portion312 of said axial hole 31.

Other various changes and modifications to the dental implants describedabove are shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, wherein like elements or parts arerepresented by like numerals

The dental implant shown in FIG. 4 is similar to the first preferredembodiment shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b except that the IAJ portion 30 isconnected to the based member 10 by using an interference fit connectionin FIG. 3 instead of threading in FIGS. 1a and 1 b.

The dental implant shown in FIG. 5 is similar to the first preferredembodiment shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b except the IAJ portion 30. In thisembodiment shown in FIG. 5, the IAJ portion 30 is provided with athreaded annular portion, and the base member 10 is provided with anaxial hole 31 at a top end thereof. The axial hole 31 has a threadedinner wall portion 311 corresponding to said threaded annular portionand a smooth inner wall portion 312 following the threaded inner wallportion 311 having a diameter slightly larger than that of the enlargedend 222. The IAJ portion 30 is threadedly connected to the top end ofthe base member 10 through said threaded annular portion of the IAJportion 30 and the threaded inner wall portion 311 of said axial hole31. The first cushion 40 and the second cushion 50 are mounted similarlyto those shown in FIGS. 1a and 1 b.

The dental implant shown in FIG. 6 is similar to the embodiment shown inFIG. 5 except that the receiving part 21 is connected to the connectingpart 22 of the abutment 20 via threading in FIG. 6 instead of theinterference fit connection shown in FIG. 5 or in FIGS. 1a and 1 b.

The dental implant shown in FIG. 7 is similar to the embodiment shown inFIG. 5 except that the IAJ portion 30 is connected to the based member10 by using an interference fit connection in FIG. 7 instead ofthreading in FIG. 5.

The dental implant shown in FIG. 8 is similar to the embodiment shown inFIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 8, said abutment 20 has a receiving part 21 anda connecting part 22 integrally extending from a bottom of saidreceiving part 21. The connecting part 22 has a cylindrical rod portion221 and an enlarged end 222 extending from said cylindrical rod portion221. The second cushion 50 which is a ring made of an elastomer ismounted on the cylindrical rod portion 221 from the enlarged end 222 ofthe connecting part 22, and then said connecting part 22 of saidabutment 20 is forced to insert into a C-shaped or O-shaped buckle 60,so that said C-shaped or O-shaped buckle 60 is mounted on thecylindrical rod portion 221, and the second cushion 50 is sandwichedbetween the receiving part 21 and the C-shaped or O-shaped buckle 60.The base member 10 has a sharpened end and a smooth outer surface. TheIAJ portion 30 has an axial hole 31 having a diameter slightly smallerthan the outer diameter of the C-shaped or O-shaped buckle 60. A firstcushion 40 which is a round plate made of an elastomer is placed on abottom surface of the axial hole 31, and then the abutment 20 togetherwith the second cushion 50 and the C-shaped or O-shaped buckle 60mounted thereon are forced to insert into the axial hole 31 of the IAJportion 30 of the base member 10, until the C-shaped or O-shaped buckle60 is elastically detained by the inner wall portion 321 of the axialhole 31 of said IAJ portion 30, whereby the first cushion 40 issandwiched between said enlarged end 222 of said connecting part 22 ofsaid abutment 20 and said based member 10, and the second cushion 50 issandwiched between said IAJ portion 30 of the based member 10 and thereceiving part 21 of said abutment 20. The C-shaped or O-shaped buckle60 is preferably made from a highly elastic material, more preferablyfrom a highly elastic (high modulus) metallic material, so that when thebuckle is bent to facilitate installation or removal of the buckle,little plastic (permanent) deformation occurs.

The dental implant shown in FIG. 9 is similar to the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1a and 1b except the abutment 20. As shown in FIG. 9, theconnecting part 22 of the abutment 20 has a cylindrical rod portion 221and a separate enlarged end 222, wherein the separate enlarged end 222is placed on top of the first cushion 40 before the IAJ portion 30 isthreadedly connected to the top end of the base member 10, and then thecylindrical rod portion 221 is inserted into the axial hole 31 of theIAJ portion 30 and is forced to connect to the separate enlarged end 222via interference fit connection.

Comparison between single-cushioned and double-cushioned designs by

Fatigue Testing Method:

A single-cushioned dental implant and a double-cushioned dental implantwere manufactured (by a 5-axis precision machining system) from grade-4commercially pure titanium except the cushions which were hand-made froman elastomeric material (Silagum®, DMG Chemisch-Pharmazeutische FabrikGmbH, Hamburg, Germany). The double-cushioned dental implant has aconstruction shown in FIGS. 1a and 1 b. The single-cushioned dentalimplant is the same as the double-cushioned dental implant except thatit does not have the second cushion 50.

A servo-hydraulic type testing system (EHF-EG, Shimadzu Co., Tokyo,Japan) was used for the fatigue testing according to the ISO14801-Dentistry-Implants-Dynamic fatigue test for endosseous dentalimplants method. 300 N was used as the loading force (F). The loadvaried sinusoidally between a nominal peak value and 10% of this value.10 Hz was used as the loading frequency (f). (The specified value of ISO14801 is no more than 15 Hz) The testing was conducted in air between 20and 25° C.

Results:

Cycles Wave Form Frequency Max Load Min Load to failure Single Sin wave10 Hz 300 N 30 N 840 cushion Double Sin wave 10 Hz 300 N 30 N 551340cushions

CONCLUSION

The far superiority of the double-cushioned device to thesingle-cushioned device in fatigue resistance is clearly demonstrated inthis test.

From the above description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertainthe essential characteristics of the present invention, and withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changesand modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages andconditions. Thus, other embodiments are also within the claims.

1. A dental implant comprising: a solid base member; an abutment; animplant-abutment junction (IAJ) portion at one end of said base memberto retain said abutment to said base member, so that said abutment isable to move within a predetermined distance alone an axial direction ofsaid base member; a first cushion adapted to be sandwiched between saidabutment and said base member only in said axial direction; and a secondcushion adapted to be sandwiched between said IAJ portion and saidabutment, wherein the first cushion and the second cushion are twoseparate members.
 2. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the firstcushion and the second cushion are an elastomer.
 3. The dental implantof claim 1, wherein said abutment comprises a receiving part forreceiving a dental prosthesis and a connecting part, wherein said IAJportion has an axial hole and said connecting part of said abutment hasa cylindrical rod portion having a diameter corresponding to said axialhole and an enlarged end extending from said cylindrical rod portion,wherein said cylindrical rod portion is slidably received in said axialhole of said IAJ portion with said enlarged end protruding from one endof said axial hole and another end of said cylindrical rod portionprotruding from the other end of said axial hole, wherein said IAJportion is a separate part and threadedly connected to said one end ofsaid base member, so that the enlarged end of the connecting part of theabutment is prevented from escaping from the axial hole of said IAJportion, wherein said first cushion is an plane elastomer and issandwiched between said enlarged end of said connecting part of saidabutment and said one end of said base member, and wherein said secondcushion is a ring and is mounted on the cylindrical rod portion of saidconnecting part and sandwiched between said IAJ portion and saidreceiving part of said abutment.
 4. The dental implant of claim 1,wherein said abutment comprises a receiving part for receiving a dentalprosthesis and a connecting part, wherein said IAJ portion has an axialhole and said connecting part of said abutment has a cylindrical rodportion having a diameter corresponding to said axial hole and anenlarged end extending from said cylindrical rod portion, wherein saidcylindrical rod portion is slidably received in said axial hole of saidIAJ portion with said enlarged end protruding from one end of said axialhole and another end of said cylindrical rod portion protruding from theother end of said axial hole, wherein said IAJ portion is a separatepart and connected to said one end of said base member via interferencefit connection, so that the enlarged end of the connecting part of theabutment is prevented from escaping from the axial hole of said IAJportion, wherein said first cushion is an plane elastomer and issandwiched between said enlarged end of said connecting part of saidabutment and said one end of said base member, and wherein said secondcushion is a ring and is mounted on the cylindrical rod portion of saidconnecting part and sandwiched between said IAJ portion and saidreceiving part of said abutment.
 5. The dental implant of claim 1,wherein said abutment comprises a receiving part for receiving a dentalprosthesis and a connecting part having a cylindrical rod portion and anenlarged threaded end extending from said cylindrical rod portion,wherein said IAJ portion has an axial hole having a threaded inner wallportion corresponding to said an enlarged threaded end near an entranceof said axial hole and a smooth inner wall portion following thethreaded inner wall portion having a diameter corresponding to that ofsaid enlarged threaded end, wherein said enlarged threaded end isthreaded through the threaded inner wall portion and into the smoothinner wall portion of said axial hole, wherein said first cushion is anplane elastomer and is sandwiched between said enlarged end of saidconnecting part of said abutment and said one end of said base member,and wherein said second cushion is a ring and is mounted on thecylindrical rod portion of said connecting part and sandwiched betweensaid IAJ portion and said receiving part of said abutment.
 6. The dentalimplant of claim 1 further comprising a C-shaped or O-shaped buckle,wherein said abutment comprises a receiving part for receiving a dentalprosthesis and a connecting part having a cylindrical rod portion and anenlarged end extending from said cylindrical rod portion, wherein saidC-shaped or O-shaped buckle is mounted on the cylindrical rod portionand between the enlarged end and the receiving part of said abutment,wherein said IAJ portion has an axial hole having an inner wall portioncorresponding to said C-shaped o O-shaped buckle, wherein said C-shapedor O-shaped buckle is elastically detained by the inner wall portion ofsaid axial hole of said IAJ portion, wherein said first cushion is anplane elastomer and is sandwiched between said enlarged end of saidconnecting part of said abutment and said one end of said base member,and wherein said second cushion is a ring and is mounted on thecylindrical rod portion of said connecting part and sandwiched betweensaid IAJ portion and said receiving part of said abutment.
 7. The dentalimplant claim 1, wherein said solid base member comprises a cylindricalbody having a sharpened end opposite to said IAJ portion, and said outersurface of said cylindrical body is provided with threads or is smooth.8. The dental implant of claim 3, wherein said solid base membercomprises a cylindrical body having a sharpened end opposite to said IAJportion, and said outer surface of said cylindrical body is providedwith threads or is smooth.
 9. The dental implant of claim 4, whereinsaid solid base member comprises a cylindrical body having a sharpenedend opposite to said IAJ portion, and said outer surface of saidcylindrical body is provided with threads or is smooth.
 10. The dentalimplant of claim 5, wherein said solid base member comprises acylindrical body having a sharpened end opposite to said IAJ portion,and said outer surface of said cylindrical body is provided with threadsor is smooth.
 11. The dental implant of claim 6, wherein said solid basemember comprises a cylindrical body having a sharpened end opposite tosaid IAJ portion, and said outer surface of said cylindrical body isprovided with threads or is smooth.